Looking for the perfection in imperfectness/incompleteness
The aesthetic sense of visual beauty in wabi-sabi and Gestalt psychology
What makes something an “art” ?Art is described as; “…a diverse range of human activities involving creative imagination to express technical proficiency, beauty, emotional power, or conceptual ideas” in Wikipedia.The concepts such as beauty and emotion are highly relative and strongly related to our environment and experiences. Someone might find something beautiful while others don’t and the same goes for emotional conception.So why does someone make art? What is the motivation? And, most importantly, does art have to include a message? I know that in order to answer these questions, we need to understand the human psychology first. But I’ve been thinking about these for years and asking the same question to myself all the time. Why am I doing this? What is beautiful for me? And I feel like I am getting closer to the answer – I mean a personal answer – every time I work on a new piece.What motivates me the most is the imperfectness and more than that, incompleteness.I find it hard to understand why someone finds a hyper realistic drawing beautiful. I do respect the effort and talent of course, but if a drawing is identical to a photo in terms of proposition and all details, why does an artist want to draw that? Does that work involve any creative imagination, and if not, how can we say that it is a piece of art?In wabi-sabi (jp. 侘び・寂び) approach, it is believed that the wisdom comes from perceiving the beauty in impermanence and incompleteness. Richard Powell describes wabi-sabi as "... nurtures all that is authentic by acknowledging three simple realities: nothing lasts, nothing is finished, and nothing is perfect." Andrew Juniper, the author of “Wabi Sabi: The Japanese Art of Impermanence - Understanding the Zen Philosophy of Beauty in Simplicity, 2003” notes that; “If an object or expression can bring about, within us, a sense of serene melancholy and a spiritual longing, then that object could be said to be wabi-sabi.”Also, according to Gestalt psychology, what we perceive is greater than what our eyes see; the conscious experience must be considered globally because the nature of the mind demands that each component should be considered as part of a system of dynamic relationships. Thus, when something incomplete is presented to people, it will provoke an impulse to supplement or restore individual elements to the complete state that they should have, thus greatly increasing the level of excitement of perception. This stimulating process of visual perception achieves the enhancement of visual language, which leads to the aesthetic sense of visual thinking.This perception of aesthetic is not only limited to visual forms. Back in 2016, when I was studying cognitive science – cognitive linguistics to be precise – one of my findings was that in Japanese, on most advertisement slogans or big titles on newspapers, the verb of the sentence is omitted. However, when you try to translate the sentence to English, you have to use the verb, otherwise you cannot make a sentence and express the meaning. In traditional linguistics, the verb is thought to be the head of the sentence and it determines the elements of a sentence. However, in Japanese, that was not the case. Long story short, after working on this for two years, I found out that these sentences are especially being used in commercials or newspapers, because they have stronger effect on the readers, in comparison to complete sentences. The reason is because they are incomplete. As it is described above; in Gestalt psychology, it is stated that incompleteness provokes an impulse to restore the elements to the complete state that they should have. So, we put some extra effort for interpreting the meaning. And as a result, we internalize it. (*see Ikea Effect for further information)The same goes for art.When we look at a piece of art, we don’t look for perfection. Just like nature itself, we are looking for things which will evoke our emotions and our imagination. Only by doing so, we have enough room to depict the perfect state in our minds and complete what is imperfect.Perhaps, that is what we call art.